Provenance refers to the history, origin, and source of data or information. In research, provenance involves tracking and documenting the various steps involved in the creation, transformation, and usage of data. This includes information such as who created the data, how it was processed, and any changes that were made to it throughout the research process. Provenance is important for ensuring data integrity, reproducibility, and transparency in research. It helps researchers understand and validate the quality and reliability of the data they are working with.