Ferromagnets are materials that exhibit strong magnetic properties, typically characterized by a high magnetic susceptibility and the ability to retain magnetization even in the absence of an external magnetic field. These materials are made up of atoms or ions with magnetic moments that align in the same direction, resulting in a net magnetic moment for the material. Ferromagnetic materials are widely used in various applications such as data storage, sensors, and electronic devices. Research in the field of ferromagnets focuses on understanding the underlying physics of magnetic interactions, developing new materials with enhanced magnetic properties, and exploring novel applications for these materials.