I am interested in the interplay of ecological and evolutionary processes: how ecological interactions shape selection acting on individual traits variation, and how in return adaptive traits evolution influences population dynamics, community structure and diversity, and ecosystem function. My research involves three levels of investigation. 1) Mathematical foundations of eco-evolutionary modelling: deriving ‘macroscopic’ models of quantitative traits evolution starting from ‘microscopic’ models of individual interactions and heritable variation. 2) Applying the general theory to major questions in ecology and evolution, including the evolution of cooperative interactions at the gene, cell, organism and population levels; life history evolution; evolution of species interactions and community structure and diversity; and eco-evolutionary responses of populations, communities and ecosystems to environmental change. 3) Connecting the theory to specific empirical systems. I am involved in the development of the CNRS-ENS Ecotron in Paris, in a partnershiwith Biosphere 2 at the University of Arizona, to promote next-generation large-scale experiments on complex ecological systems under highly controlled environmental conditions.