Ultrasonography, also known as ultrasound imaging or sonography, is a medical imaging technique that uses high-frequency sound waves to create real-time images of the internal structures of the body. These images can be used to diagnose and monitor a variety of medical conditions, such as pregnancy, organ abnormalities, tumors, and injuries. During an ultrasound exam, a transducer (a small handheld device) is placed on the skin and emits sound waves that bounce off the internal organs and tissues, creating echoes that are captured by the transducer and converted into images on a computer screen. The images can provide valuable information about the size, shape, and texture of organs and tissues, as well as the presence of any abnormalities. Ultrasonography is non-invasive, painless, and does not involve exposure to radiation, making it a safe and widely used imaging technique in various medical specialties, including obstetrics, cardiology, gastroenterology, and radiology. It is often used in combination with other imaging modalities, such as X-rays, CT scans, and MRI, to provide a comprehensive evaluation of the patient's condition.