Tree-ring research, also known as dendrochronology, is a scientific method of dating and studying past climate and environmental conditions by analyzing the growth rings of trees. Tree rings, which are visible on the cross-section of a tree trunk, contain information about the tree's growth patterns, such as its age, growth rate, and responses to changes in temperature, precipitation, and other environmental factors. By carefully analyzing tree rings, researchers can reconstruct past climate variations and study long-term climate trends, as well as gain insights into historical events and human activities. Tree-ring research is widely used in fields such as archaeology, ecology, climatology, and environmental science.