Tracheostomy is a medical procedure in which a small incision is made in the trachea (windpipe) to create a temporary or permanent opening. This opening, called a tracheostomy or stoma, allows for easier breathing and can be used for various purposes such as providing an airway for ventilation, removing secretions from the airway, or facilitating the delivery of medications. Tracheostomy is typically performed in cases where a patient is unable to breathe properly due to an obstruction in the upper airway, or due to conditions such as severe respiratory failure, neuromuscular disorders, or trauma to the neck or airway. The procedure is usually done under local anesthesia and is considered a safe and effective intervention when performed by trained healthcare professionals. Overall, tracheostomy plays a critical role in managing respiratory conditions and can drastically improve the quality of life for patients with chronic or acute breathing difficulties.