Surveying is a research area that involves the collection, analysis, and interpretation of data to determine the characteristics of a piece of land or other area. This can include measuring boundaries, topography, and other physical features of a site, as well as collecting information on cultural or historical aspects. Surveying is commonly used in fields such as civil engineering, construction, land development, and environmental planning to inform decision-making and design processes. Techniques used in surveying may include GPS, LiDAR, remote sensing, and traditional land surveying methods.