Solidification is a research area within materials science and engineering that focuses on the process of changing a material from a liquid state to a solid state. This process typically involves cooling a material, causing its atoms or molecules to arrange themselves into a more ordered and stable structure. Solidification is a critical aspect of many manufacturing processes, such as casting and additive manufacturing, as well as being important in natural processes like the formation of crystals in minerals. Researchers in the field of solidification study factors influencing the solidification process, such as cooling rate, alloy composition, and impurities, in order to better understand and optimize material properties and performance.