Sodium is a chemical element that is essential for life and is found in many foods. It plays a crucial role in regulating the balance of fluids in the body, nerve function, and muscle contractions. However, excessive sodium intake can lead to health problems such as high blood pressure and cardiovascular disease. Researchers study sodium to better understand its role in the body, how it affects health, and how to reduce sodium intake to improve overall health and well-being. They also investigate ways to develop lower-sodium food products and promote public health policies to decrease sodium consumption.