Sensors are devices or systems that detect and respond to specific inputs or changes in their environment. They are essential components in a wide range of fields, including but not limited to electronics, biology, chemistry, physics, and engineering. Sensors can measure various physical properties such as temperature, pressure, light, motion, humidity, and chemical composition. They convert these measurements into electrical or optical signals that can be analyzed and used for monitoring, control, or data collection purposes. Sensors play a crucial role in many modern technologies and applications, including consumer electronics, automotive systems, medical devices, environmental monitoring, and industrial automation.