Sampling is a research method used to select a subset of individuals or objects from a larger population in order to study and make inferences about the population as a whole. It involves systematically selecting a representative sample that is reflective of the characteristics of the population, allowing researchers to generalize their findings beyond just the sample. There are various sampling techniques, such as random sampling, stratified sampling, cluster sampling, and convenience sampling, each with its own advantages and limitations depending on the research goals and constraints. Sampling is a crucial aspect of research design, as the quality of the sample directly impacts the validity and reliability of the study findings.