The pituitary gland is often referred to as the "master gland" of the endocrine system because it produces and releases a variety of hormones that regulate many other glands in the body. Research in the pituitary gland focuses on understanding its function, regulation, and the disorders that can arise when it malfunctions. This includes studying the production of hormones such as growth hormone, thyroid-stimulating hormone, and gonadotropins, as well as investigating tumors that can develop in the pituitary gland. Researchers also explore potential treatments for pituitary disorders, such as hormone replacement therapy or surgery to remove tumors.