Phospholipids are a class of lipids that are a major component of cell membranes. They are made up of a glycerol molecule, two fatty acid chains, and a phosphate group. Phospholipids have a hydrophilic (water-loving) head and hydrophobic (water-fearing) tails, which allows them to form a bilayer structure in cell membranes. Research in the field of phospholipids focuses on their roles in cellular signaling, membrane structure and function, and their potential therapeutic applications in various diseases. Additionally, phospholipid research also examines their interactions with other molecules and their impact on various physiological processes.