Oseltamivir is a selective neuraminidase inhibitor, which is commonly used for the treatment and prevention of influenza viruses, particularly the H1N1 and H3N2 strains. It works by blocking the action of the neuraminidase enzyme, preventing the virus from being released from infected cells and thus reducing the spread and severity of the infection. Oseltamivir is most effective when taken within 48 hours of the onset of symptoms and is generally well-tolerated with minimal side effects. Research in this area focuses on understanding the mechanism of action of oseltamivir, optimizing dosing regimens, and investigating its effectiveness against emerging strains of influenza virus.