Niobium is a chemical element with the symbol Nb and atomic number 41. It is a soft, grey, ductile metal that is commonly used in various industrial applications, particularly in the production of superalloys, stainless steel, and other high-temperature applications. Research in the field of niobium focuses on its properties, applications, and potential uses in new technologies, as well as improving extraction and processing methods to make it more sustainable and cost-effective. Additionally, research is also being conducted to explore potential medical and environmental applications of niobium.