Neoantigens are a type of antigen that are not present in normal cells, but are generated by mutations in the DNA of cancer cells. These mutated antigens can be recognized by the immune system as foreign and targeted for destruction, making them attractive targets for cancer immunotherapy. Research in the field of neoantigens focuses on identifying these unique antigens in individual patients, predicting which neoantigens will be most immunogenic, and developing personalized cancer vaccines or adoptive T cell therapies to target them. This area of research has shown promising results in various cancer types and is a rapidly evolving field in cancer immunotherapy.