A megadrought is a prolonged and severe period of dry conditions that can last for decades or even centuries. These extreme drought events can have devastating impacts on ecosystems, agriculture, and water resources. Megadroughts are typically characterized by significantly below-average precipitation, high temperatures, and reduced soil moisture levels. They are often associated with natural climate variability, such as shifts in oceanic and atmospheric circulation patterns, as well as human-induced climate change. Scientists study megadroughts to better understand their causes, trends, and potential impacts in order to develop strategies for adaptation and mitigation.