Livelihoods refer to the means by which individuals or communities secure their basic needs, including food, water, shelter, and income. Livelihoods research focuses on understanding how people sustain their livelihoods in different socio-economic and environmental contexts, and how these livelihoods are influenced by factors such as government policies, market dynamics, climate change, and social norms. This research often involves studying the strategies and practices that people use to maintain their livelihoods, and identifying interventions that can help improve livelihood outcomes for vulnerable populations. Livelihoods research is interdisciplinary in nature, drawing on fields such as economics, sociology, anthropology, and environmental science to provide a comprehensive understanding of the factors that shape people's livelihoods.