Leukemia is a type of cancer that affects the blood and bone marrow, resulting in an overproduction of abnormal white blood cells. These abnormal cells crowd out healthy blood cells, leading to anemia, infections, and bleeding problems. Leukemia can be acute or chronic and is classified based on the type of white blood cell affected (lymphoid or myeloid). Treatment for leukemia typically involves chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and stem cell transplants. Researchers are continuing to study the underlying causes of leukemia, as well as developing new treatments and therapies to improve outcomes for patients.