Laparotomy is a surgical procedure in which an incision is made in the abdominal wall to gain access to the abdominal cavity. It is commonly performed to diagnose and treat a variety of abdominal conditions, such as intestinal obstruction, appendicitis, abdominal trauma, and cancer. Laparotomy may be performed as an emergency procedure or as a planned surgery. During the procedure, the surgeon may examine the organs, biopsy tissues, remove tumors or foreign objects, repair injuries, or perform other necessary interventions. Laparotomy is a major surgical procedure that requires general anesthesia and careful post-operative care.