Infiltration refers to the process by which water enters and moves through the soil surface into the subsurface layers. This research area focuses on studying the physical, chemical, and biological processes involved in infiltration, as well as the factors that influence it such as soil type, land use, and climate. Researchers in this field use various techniques and methodologies to measure and monitor infiltration rates, understand how different land management practices affect infiltration, and develop strategies to improve water infiltration in agricultural and urban environments. Infiltration research is important for managing water resources, preventing soil erosion, and mitigating the impacts of flooding and drought.