HIF-1α, also known as hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha, is a protein that plays a crucial role in the body's response to low oxygen levels, or hypoxia. It is a transcription factor that regulates the expression of a wide range of genes involved in processes such as angiogenesis, glycolysis, and cell survival. Research in this area often focuses on understanding the molecular mechanisms by which HIF-1α functions, as well as its role in various diseases such as cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and ischemic disorders. Targeting HIF-1α has also been explored as a potential therapeutic strategy for these conditions.