Emergence is the phenomenon where complex systems exhibit properties or behaviors that cannot be easily predicted or explained by studying their individual components. It often occurs in systems where interactions between elements give rise to novel, higher-level patterns or properties. Emergence is a key concept in various fields, including physics, biology, sociology, and philosophy, and understanding it can provide insights into how complex systems function and evolve. Researchers study emergence to better understand how order can arise from disorder and how collective behaviors can emerge from individual interactions in complex systems.