EEG stands for electroencephalography, which is a non-invasive technique used to measure electrical activity in the brain. By placing electrodes on the scalp, EEG can detect and record brain waves, providing valuable information about brain function and activity. EEG is commonly used in clinical settings to diagnose conditions such as epilepsy, sleep disorders, and brain injuries, as well as in research to study cognitive processes, emotions, and neurological disorders. EEG is a widely used tool in neuroscience and psychology research.