Dielectrophoresis is a technique that uses differences in the dielectric properties of particles to manipulate and separate them using electric fields. It is commonly used in microfluidic devices to sort and manipulate cells, nanoparticles, and other biological particles based on their size, shape, and electrical properties. Dielectrophoresis has applications in various fields including medicine, biotechnology, and materials science. By applying an alternating current electric field to a sample, dielectrophoresis can induce movement of particles within the sample based on their dielectric properties, allowing for precise manipulation and sorting of particles.