Covert research refers to a type of research where the researcher conceals their identity, motives, or purpose from the subjects being researched. This can involve observing individuals or groups without their knowledge, using hidden cameras or recording equipment, or infiltrating a social group or organization to gather information. Covert research is often used in social sciences, psychology, and journalism to study behaviors or phenomena that may be difficult to observe openly. Critics argue that covert research raises ethical concerns related to invasion of privacy and deception, and researchers must carefully consider the potential risks and benefits before conducting covert research.