Convection is the process of transporting heat or energy through a fluid, such as air or water, by the movement of the fluid itself. This movement occurs due to changes in temperature and density of the fluid, which can create currents or patterns of flow. Convection plays a key role in various natural phenomena, such as weather patterns, ocean currents, and the movement of magma in the Earth's mantle. It is also important in engineering applications, such as heat transfer in buildings and in the design of cooling systems. Research in convection typically focuses on understanding the underlying principles and mechanisms of this process, as well as its practical applications in different fields.