Composting is a natural biological process in which organic waste, such as food scraps and yard waste, is broken down by microorganisms into a nutrient-rich soil amendment. This process can be done on a small scale in home compost bins or on a larger scale in industrial composting facilities. Composting helps to reduce the amount of organic waste sent to landfills, decrease the production of greenhouse gases, and improve soil quality by adding essential nutrients. Research in composting focuses on optimizing the composting process, developing new methods for composting various types of organic waste, and studying the benefits of using compost in agriculture and landscaping.