Centennial-scale research focuses on studying processes, events, and changes that occur over periods of approximately 100 years. This research area is often used in fields such as climate science, ecology, and history to understand long-term trends and patterns. By studying changes on this timescale, researchers can gain insights into the impact of various factors on the environment, societies, and ecosystems over extended periods of time. This research can help inform predictions and decision-making for future management and conservation efforts.