Caching is a technique used in computer science to temporarily store frequently accessed or recently used data in order to reduce latency and improve overall system performance. This data can be stored in a cache, which is a hardware or software component that stores the data closer to the requesting entity, such as a CPU or web browser, to speed up access times. Caching is commonly used in various computing systems, such as web servers, databases, and operating systems, to reduce the time it takes to retrieve data and improve overall system efficiency. By storing frequently accessed data in a cache, systems can avoid repeatedly fetching the same data from slower storage mediums, such as hard drives or remote servers. Overall, caching is a crucial aspect of optimizing system performance and improving user experience by reducing latency and speeding up data access times.