Borderlands refer to areas that exist on the literal or figurative boundaries between two or more different countries, cultures, or societies. Research in borderlands focuses on understanding the unique social, cultural, political, and economic dynamics that emerge in these regions due to their position at the periphery of multiple entities. This interdisciplinary field of study often examines issues of identity, migration, conflict, and globalization in border regions, as well as the impact of border policies and governance on local populations. Scholars in borderlands research often employ a comparative approach to analyze how different border regions experience and respond to similar challenges and opportunities.