Biodegradation is the process by which organic substances are broken down by living organisms such as bacteria and fungi. This process is important for recycling nutrients in the environment and plays a critical role in the natural decay of organic matter. Biodegradation can occur in a variety of environments, such as soil, water, and even within living organisms. Researchers study biodegradation to understand how pollutants and other organic substances are broken down and to develop methods for bioremediation, the use of living organisms to clean up contaminated environments. By understanding the mechanisms of biodegradation, scientists can develop more sustainable and effective approaches to managing waste and protecting the environment.