Biodegradability is a key consideration in the study of environmental science and sustainability. It refers to the ability of organic substances to be broken down and converted into simpler compounds by the action of microorganisms such as bacteria, fungi, or other living organisms. This process plays a crucial role in the natural recycling of nutrients and the maintenance of ecosystem health. Biodegradability is important in assessing the environmental impact of various products, materials, and chemicals, as those that are biodegradable are generally considered to be less harmful to the environment. Researchers in this field study the factors that influence the biodegradability of substances, develop methods to measure biodegradability, and work to promote the use of biodegradable materials as a more sustainable alternative to non-biodegradable ones.