1. Machine learning: Machine learning is a branch of artificial intelligence that focuses on developing algorithms and models that enable computers to learn from and make predictions or decisions based on data. It has a wide range of applications, including image and speech recognition, natural language processing, recommendation systems, and autonomous vehicles. 2. Biotechnology: Biotechnology involves the use of biological systems, organisms, or derivatives to develop products and processes. This field has applications in medicine, agriculture, environmental science, and industrial processes. Some examples of biotechnology applications include the development of genetically modified organisms, biopharmaceuticals, and personalized medicine. 3. Renewable energy: Renewable energy is derived from natural resources that are replenished at a faster rate than they are consumed, such as sunlight, wind, and water. This research area focuses on developing technologies and solutions to harness renewable energy sources for electricity generation, transportation, and heating. Some examples of renewable energy applications include solar panels, wind turbines, and hydroelectric power plants. 4. Internet of Things (IoT): IoT refers to the network of interconnected devices and sensors that can communicate and share data with each other over the internet. This research area focuses on developing and implementing IoT technologies in various industries, such as healthcare, transportation, and smart homes. Some examples of IoT applications include wearable devices, smart thermostats, and connected vehicles. 5. Artificial intelligence in healthcare: Artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly being utilized in healthcare to improve diagnosis, treatment, and patient care. AI algorithms can analyze medical images, predict patient outcomes, and assist in clinical decision-making. Some examples of AI applications in healthcare include medical imaging analysis, drug discovery, and personalized medicine.