ALS (amyotrophic lateral sclerosis), also known as Lou Gehrig's disease, is a debilitating neurodegenerative disease that affects the nerve cells in the brain and spinal cord. It gradually leads to muscle weakness, paralysis, and eventual death. Research in this area focuses on understanding the underlying causes of ALS, developing new treatments to slow the progression of the disease, and finding a cure. This includes studying genetics, environmental factors, and potential biomarkers for early diagnosis and monitoring of the disease. Additionally, researchers are exploring various therapeutic approaches, such as gene therapy, stem cell therapy, and drug interventions, to improve the quality of life for individuals with ALS.